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I Fled the U.S. With an Open Criminal Case, And Now Want to Come Back, What Do I Do?
A very common question that we get as criminal defense attorneys is what a client should do after they fled US with an open criminal case and are now looking to come back to the United States. Before you decide to get on a flight back, it is important that you do some planning ahead of time. This is the typical order of steps that happen in representing the client who fled US with an open criminal case.
Hire Experienced Criminal Counsel
The very first thing you should do once you decide to come back to the United States is to retain experienced counsel who has previously handled these types of cases. Your attorney will be able to retrieve your court file either from PACER (for federal cases) or from the Clerk’s Office (for state cases). For New York State specifically you can use WebCrims an online service that offers limited information about criminal cases with future court appearances. WebCrims does not provide a complete criminal-case history and generally does not display warrants, sealed matters, or completed cases, so counsel may still need to obtain information directly from the court or clerk’s office.e an online lookup for criminal cases.
Review of the Case File
Your criminal counsel will review your case file to determine what you are charged with and what your sentencing exposure is for the charges. Counsel should determine whether a warrant or bail-jumping charge exists. Under New York Penal Law §§215.55–215.57, bail jumping concerns a court-ordered duty to appear and a failure to appear on the required date or voluntarily within 30 days. Leaving the jurisdiction alone is not the statutory definition. Although the charge is called “bail jumping,” it really doesn’t matter whether you were released on your recognizance, had pre-trial supervision, or had cash or bail bond set on you. Your attorney will also determine if you have a basis for a dismissal motion pursuant to a speedy trial argument.
Make Contact With the U.S. Attorney’s Office
After your attorney gets an opportunity to review the case file, s/he will contact the prosecutor (U.S Attorney’s Office, Attorney General’s Office, or District Attorney’s Office) on your behalf and ascertain the status of the case. In some situations, your attorney will be able to obtain a plea offer on your case.
Whether federal prosecutors will discuss a potential resolution while a warrant is outstanding depends on the circumstances of the case, the office handling the prosecution, and the prosecutor’s position. Counsel can contact the prosecutor to determine the status of the case and whether any discussions are appropriate before the client’s return.
It is also helpful for your attorney to figure out what the bail request will be. In federal cases, if the Government is moving for detention, the judge will need to determine whether detention is the only way to accomplish your return to court and the safety of the community. On New York State cases, the Court will need to decide what the least restrictive bail is to assure someone’s return to court. In both situations, it is helpful to know whether the federal government is moving for detention, or what bail amount/remand the state prosecutor is asking for on your case.
Figure Out Whether To Come Back After You Fled US With an Open Criminal Case
Under the New York Code of Professional Ethics, your attorney may advise about legal consequences of staying out of the jurisdiction, but may not assist in unlawful conduct. However, whether you choose to return or not is your decision. With that being said, it helps to know what you will face if you decide to come back. If you choose not to come back to the United States, you may have to continuously worry about getting picked up on an extradition warrant if the country you’re in has an extradition treaty with the United States. Countries that have an extradition treaty with the United States are listed in 18 U.S.C. 3181.
Come Back to the US and Resolve Your Case
Once you decide to come back to the US to face your open criminal case, your attorney will coordinate with the prosecutor and with the Court scheduling for your case. In theory, you will be detained at the airport because of your open matter, and you will then be brought to Court to get the warrant lifted. Then, your case will resume from the point you fled US with an open criminal case.
A bail-jumping conviction can result in a consecutive sentence under New York Penal Law §70.25(2-c) when the statutory conditions are met. The statute also permits the court, in the interest of justice, to impose a concurrent sentence in circumstances authorized by law. The sentencing effect therefore depends on the charges, convictions, and the court’s determination.
Contact Us to Schedule Your Consultation
If you or your loved one have fled the US with an open criminal case and are now looking to come back, you need to retain experienced criminal counsel. Contact us today to schedule your consultation.